1. INTERNATIONAL ONLY A light used to signal passing intentions must be an __________.
a. all-round yellow light only
b. all-round white light only
c. all-round blue light only
d. alternating red and yellow light
2. INTERNATIONAL ONLY Which statement is TRUE, according to the Rules?
a. A vessel engaged in fishing while underway shall, so far as possible, keep out of the way of a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver.
b. A vessel not under command shall keep out of the way of a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver.
c. A fishing vessel while underway has the right-of-way over a vessel constrained by her draft.
d. A vessel not under command shall avoid impeding the safe passage of a vessel constrained by her draft.
3. INTERNATIONAL ONLY A light used to signal passing intentions must be an __________.
a. all-round white or yellow light
b. all-round yellow light only
c. all-round white light only
d. Any colored light is acceptable.
4. INTERNATIONAL ONLY Which statement is TRUE, according to the Rules?
a. A vessel constrained by her draft shall keep out of the way of a vessel engaged in fishing.
b. A vessel engaged in fishing while underway shall, so far as possible, keep out of the way of a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver.
c. A vessel not under command shall avoid impeding the safe passage of a vessel constrained by her draft.
d. A vessel not under command shall keep out of the way of a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver.
5. INTERNATIONAL ONLY A power-driven vessel pushing ahead or towing alongside will show sidelights, a stern light, and __________.
a. an all-round red light where it can best be seen
b. two yellow masthead lights in a vertical line
c. two masthead lights in a vertical line
d. a single white light forward
6. INTERNATIONAL ONLY Your vessel is crossing a narrow channel. A vessel to port is within the channel and crossing your course. She is showing a black cylinder. You should __________.
a. hold your course and speed
b. not impede the other vessel
c. exchange passing signals
d. sound the danger signal
7. INTERNATIONAL ONLY Your vessel is backing out of a slip in a harbor. Visibility is restricted. You should sound __________.
a. one prolonged blast only
b. one prolonged blast followed by three short blasts when the last line is taken aboard
c. one prolonged blast followed by three short blasts when leaving the slip
d. the danger signal
8. INTERNATIONAL ONLY You are approaching another vessel and will pass safely starboard to starboard without changing course. You should __________.
a. hold course and sound no whistle signal
b. hold course and sound a two blast whistle signal
c. change course to starboard and sound one blast
d. hold course and sound one blast
9. BOTH INTERNATIONAL & INLAND Which statement is TRUE concerning a situation involving a fishing vessel and a vessel not under command?
a. They are required to communicate by radiotelephone.
b. If the vessel not under command is a power-driven vessel, she must keep clear of the fishing vessel.
c. The fishing vessel must keep out of the way of the vessel not under command.
d. Both vessels are required to take action to stay clear of each other.
10. INTERNATIONAL ONLY Of the vessels listed, which must keep out of the way of all the others?
a. A vessel constrained by her draft
b. A vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver
c. A vessel pushing a barge
d. A vessel engaged in fishing
11. INTERNATIONAL ONLY Which vessel shall avoid impeding the safe passage of a vessel constrained by her draft?
a. A vessel not under command
b. A sailing vessel
c. A vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver
d. All of the above
12. INTERNATIONAL ONLY A signal of intent must be sounded in international waters by __________.
a. a vessel meeting another head-on
b. a vessel overtaking another in a narrow channel
c. a vessel crossing the course of another
d. the give-way vessel in a crossing situation
13. INTERNATIONAL ONLY To indicate that a vessel is constrained by her draft, a vessel may display, in a vertical line, __________.
a. three 360° red lights
b. two 225° red lights
c. three 360° blue lights
d. two 225° blue lights
14. INTERNATIONAL ONLY In addition to other required lights, a power-driven vessel pushing ahead or towing alongside displays __________.
a. two all-round red lights in a vertical line
b. two yellow towing lights in a vertical line
c. two white masthead lights in a vertical line
d. two lights on the stern, one yellow and one white
15. INTERNATIONAL ONLY Which statement is true concerning a vessel "constrained by her draft"?
a. She must be a power-driven vessel.
b. She is not under command.
c. She may be a vessel being towed.
d. She is hampered because of her work.
16. INTERNATIONAL ONLY When moving from a berth alongside a quay (wharf), a vessel must sound __________.
a. three short blasts
b. a long blast
c. a prolonged blast
d. No signal is required.
17. INTERNATIONAL ONLY You are in charge of a 250-meter freight vessel constrained by her draft proceeding down a narrow channel. There is a vessel engaged in fishing on your starboard bow half a mile away. According to Rule 9, which statement is TRUE?
a. You are not to impede the fishing vessel.
b. If you are in doubt as to the fishing vessel's intentions you may sound at least five short and rapid blasts on the whistle.
c. You are to slow to bare steerageway until clear of the fishing vessel.
d. You must sound one prolonged blast to alert the fishing vessel.
18. INTERNATIONAL ONLY The International Rules of the Road apply __________.
a. to all waters which are not inland waters
b. only to waters outside the territorial waters of the United States
c. only to waters where foreign vessels travel
d. upon the high seas and connecting waters navigable by seagoing vessels
19. INTERNATIONAL ONLY A towing light is __________.
a. shown at the bow
b. white in color
c. shown in addition to the stern light
d. an all-round light
20. INTERNATIONAL ONLY In a narrow channel, an overtaking vessel which intends to pass on the other vessel's port side would sound __________.
a. one prolonged followed by two short blasts
b. one short blast
c. two short blasts
d. two prolonged followed by two short blasts
21. INTERNATIONAL ONLY You are underway on the high seas in restricted visibility. You hear a fog signal of one prolonged and two short blasts. It could be any of the following EXCEPT a vessel __________.
a. minesweeping
b. engaged in fishing
c. constrained by her draft
d. being towed
22. INTERNATIONAL ONLY A vessel displaying three red lights in a vertical line is __________.
a. not under command
b. aground
c. dredging
d. constrained by her draft
23. INTERNATIONAL ONLY At night, a power-driven vessel underway of less than 7 meters in length where its maximum speed does not exceed 7 knots may show, as a minimum, __________.
a. sidelights and a stern light
b. the lights required for a vessel more than 7 meters in length
c. sidelights only
d. one all-round white light
24. INTERNATIONAL ONLY In a narrow channel, a signal of intent which must be answered by the other vessel, is sounded by a vessel __________.
a. meeting another head-on
b. crossing the course of another
c. overtaking another
d. Any of the above
25. INTERNATIONAL ONLY When two vessels are in sight of one another, all of the following signals may be given EXCEPT __________.
a. a light signal of at least five short and rapid flashes
b. four short whistle blasts
c. one prolonged, one short, one prolonged and one short whistle blasts
d. two short whistle blasts
26. INTERNATIONAL ONLY A power-driven vessel leaving a quay or wharf must sound what signal?
a. Three short blasts
b. A long blast
c. A prolonged blast
d. No signal is required.
27. INTERNATIONAL ONLY What whistle signal, if any, would be sounded when two vessels are meeting, but will pass clear starboard to starboard?
a. One short blast
b. Two short blasts
c. Five or more short blasts
d. No signal is required
28. INTERNATIONAL ONLY In a narrow channel, a vessel trying to overtake another on the other vessel's port side, would sound a whistle signal of __________.
a. one short blast
b. two short blasts
c. two prolonged blasts followed by one short blast
d. two prolonged blasts followed by two short blasts
29. INTERNATIONAL ONLY On open water, a power-driven vessel coming up dead astern of another vessel and altering her course to starboard so as to pass on the starboard side of the vessel ahead would sound __________.
a. two short blasts
b. one short blast
c. two prolonged blasts followed by one short blast
d. one long and one short blast
30. INTERNATIONAL ONLY If a vessel displays three all-round red lights in a vertical line at night, during the day she may show __________.
a. three balls in a vertical line
b. a cylinder
c. two diamonds in a vertical line
d. two cones, apexes together
Answers
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. C
6. B
7. A
8. A
9. C
10. C
11. B
12. B
13. A
14. C
15. A
16. D
17. B
18. D
19. C
20. D
21. D
22. D
23. D
24. C
25. B
26. D
27. D
28. D
29. B
30. B
Showing posts with label Navigational Rules. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Navigational Rules. Show all posts
Saturday, May 9, 2009
Sunday, May 3, 2009
Inland Navigation Rules Exam
1. INLAND ONLY Which term is NOT defined in the Inland Navigation Rules?
A. Towing light
B. Vessel constrained by her draft
C. In sight
D. Restricted visibility
2. INLAND ONLY For the purpose of the Inland Navigation Rules, the term "Inland Waters" includes
A. the Western Rivers
B. the Great Lakes on the United States side of the International Boundary
C. harbors and rivers shoreward of the COLREGS demarcation lines
D. All of the above
3. INLAND ONLY When two power-driven vessels are meeting on the Great Lakes, Western Riversl or waters specified by the Secretary, where there is a current, which vessel shall sound the first passing signal?
A. The vessel going upstream stemming the current
B. The vessel down bound with a following current
C. The vessel that is towing regardless ofthe current
D. Either vessel
4. INLAND ONLY When two power-driven vessels are meeting in a narrow channel on the Western Rivers, the vessel having the right of way is the one ?
A. moving upstream against the current
B. moving downstream with a following current
C. located more toward the channel centerline
D. sounding the first whistle signal
5. INLAND ONLY You are navigating in a narrow channel and must remain in the channel for safe operation. Another vessel is crossing the channel ahead of you from your starboard and you doubt whether your vessel will pass safely. Which statement is TRUE?
A. You must stop your vessel, since the other vessel is the stand-on.
B. You must sound one short blast of the whistle and turn to starboard.
C.You must sound the danger signal.
D.You must stop your engines and you may sound the danger signal.
6. INLAND ONLY Under the Inland Navigation Rules, what is the meaning of the two short blasts signal used when meeting another vessel?
A. I am turning to starboard.
B. I am turning to port.
C. I intend to leave you on my starboard side.
D. I intend to leave you on my port side.
7. INLAND ONLY Which lights are required for a barge, not part of a composite unit, being pushed ahead?
A. Sidelights and a stern light
B. Sidelights, a special flashing light, and a stern light
C. Sidelights and a special flashing light
D. Sidelights, a towing light, and a stern light
8. INLAND ONLY The stand-on vessel in a crossing situation sounds one short blast of the whistle. This means that the vessel __________.
A. intends to hold course and speed
B. is changing course to starboard
C. is changing course to port
D. intends to leave the other on her port side
9. INLAND ONLY Passing signals shall be sounded on inland waters by __________.
A. all vessels upon sighting another vessel rounding a bend in the channel
B. towing vessel when meeting another towing vessel on a clear day with a 0.6 mile CPA (Closest Point of Approach)
C. a power-driven vessel when crossing less than half a mile ahead of another power-driven vessel
D. All of the above
10. INLAND ONLY Your vessel is meeting another vessel head-on. To comply with the rules, you should exchange __________.
A. one short blast, alter course to port, and pass starboard to starboard
B. one short blast, alter course to starboard, and pass port to port
C. two short blasts, alter course to port, and pass starboard to starboard
D. two short blasts, alter course to starboard, and pass port to port
11. INLAND ONLY A vessel overtaking another in a narrow channel, and wishing to pass on the other vessel's port side, would sound a whistle signal of __________.
A. one short blast
B. two short blasts
C. two prolonged blasts followed by one short blast
D. two prolonged blasts followed by two short blasts
12. INLAND ONLY A fleet of moored barges extends into a navigable channel. What is the color of the lights on the barges?
A. Red
B. Amber
C. White
D. Yellow
13. INLAND ONLY At night, a light signal consisting of two flashes by a vessel indicates __________.
A. an intention to communicate over radiotelephone
B. that the vessel is in distress
C. an intention to leave another vessel to port
D. an intention to leave another vessel to starboard
14. INLAND ONLY A barge more than 50 meters long is required to show how many white anchor lights when anchored in a Secretary approved "special anchorage area"?
A. 2
B. 1
C. 3
D. None
15. INLAND ONLY Which type of vessel is NOT mentioned in the Inland Navigation Rules?
A. An inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel
B. A seaplane
C. An air-cushion vessel
D. A vessel constrained by her draft
16. INLAND ONLY Two vessels in a crossing situation have reached agreement by radiotelephone as to the intentions of the other. In this situation, whistle signals are __________.
A. required
B. not required, but may be sounded
C. required if crossing within half a mile
D. required when crossing within one mile
17. INLAND ONLY What lights are required for a barge being pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit?
A. Sidelights and a stern light
B. Sidelights and a special flashing light
C. Sidelights, a towing light, and a stern light
D. Sidelights, a special flashing light, and a stern light
18. INLAND ONLY At night, a barge moored in a slip used primarily for mooring purposes shall __________.
A. not be required to be lighted
B. show a white light at each corner
C. show a red light at the bow and stern
D. show a flashing yellow light at each corner
19. INLAND ONLY Which statement is TRUE concerning the fog signal of a vessel 15 meters in length, anchored in a "special anchorage area" approved by the Secretary?
A. The vessel is not required to sound a fog signal.
B. The vessel shall ring a bell for 5 seconds every minute.
C. The vessel shall sound one blast of the foghorn every 2 minutes.
20. INLAND ONLY Which statement is TRUE concerning the Inland Navigation Rules?
A. They list requirements for Traffic Separation Schemes.
B. They define moderate speed.
C. They require communication by radiotelephone to reach a passing agreement.
D. All of the above
21. INLAND ONLY Two vessels are meeting on a clear day and will pass less than half a mile apart. In this situation whistle signals __________.
A. must be exchanged
B. may be exchanged
C. must be exchanged if passing agreements have not been made by radio
D. must be exchanged only if course changes are necessary by either vessel
22. INLAND ONLY Which is TRUE of a vessel downbound with a following current when meeting an upbound vessel on the Western Rivers?
A. She has the right-of-way only if she is a power-driven vessel.
B. She has the right-of-way only if she has a tow.
C. She does not have the right-of-way, since the other vessel is not crossing the river.
D. She must wait for a whistle signal from the upbound vessel.
23. INLAND ONLY A vessel of less than 20 meters in length at anchor at night in a "special anchorage area designated by the Secretary" __________.
A. must show one white light
B. need not show any lights
C. must show two white lights
D. need show a light only on the approach of another vessel
24. INLAND ONLY At night, which lights are required on barges moored in a group formation more than two barges wide?
A. Two unobstructed all-round white lights
B. All-round white lights placed at the corners of each barge in the group
C. Two unobstructed all-round yellow lights
D. Two red lights in a vertical line at the corner extremities of the group
25. INLAND ONLY A towing vessel pushing ahead on the Western Rivers above the Huey P. Long bridge must show __________.
A. sidelights only
B. sidelights and towing lights
C. sidelights, towing lights, and two masthead lights
D. sidelights, towing lights, and three masthead lights
26. INLAND ONLY A power-driven vessel, when leaving a dock or berth, is required to sound __________.
A. two short blasts
B. one long blast
C. one prolonged blast
D. the danger signal
27. INLAND ONLY Which is CORRECT regarding a "special flashing light"?
A. It must be yellow in color.
B. It must be placed as far forward as possible.
C. It must not show through an arc of more than 225°.
D. All of the above
28. INLAND ONLY For the purpose of the Inland Navigation Rules, the term "Inland Waters" includes __________.
A. the Western Rivers, extending to the COLREGS demarcation line
B. harbors and rivers to the outermost aids to navigation
C. waters along the coast of the United States to a distance of two miles offshore
D. None of the above
29. INLAND ONLY On the Western Rivers, a power-driven vessel crossing a river must __________.
A. maintain course and speed as you have the right of way over all vessels
B. keep out of the way of any vessel descending the river
C. keep out of the way of a power-driven vessel ascending or descending the river
D. None of the above
30. INLAND ONLY While underway at night, you see two yellow lights displayed in a vertical line. This should indicate to you a __________.
A. opening in a pipeline
B. vessel broken down
C. vessel pushing ahead
D. vessel fishing
Answers
1. B
2. D
3. B
4. B
5. C
6. C
7. C
8. D
9. C
10. B
11. B
12. C
13. D
14. A
15. D
16. B
17. B
18. A
19. A
20. A
21. C
22. A
23. B
24. A
25. B
26. C
27. D
28. A
29. C
30. C
A. Towing light
B. Vessel constrained by her draft
C. In sight
D. Restricted visibility
2. INLAND ONLY For the purpose of the Inland Navigation Rules, the term "Inland Waters" includes
A. the Western Rivers
B. the Great Lakes on the United States side of the International Boundary
C. harbors and rivers shoreward of the COLREGS demarcation lines
D. All of the above
3. INLAND ONLY When two power-driven vessels are meeting on the Great Lakes, Western Riversl or waters specified by the Secretary, where there is a current, which vessel shall sound the first passing signal?
A. The vessel going upstream stemming the current
B. The vessel down bound with a following current
C. The vessel that is towing regardless ofthe current
D. Either vessel
4. INLAND ONLY When two power-driven vessels are meeting in a narrow channel on the Western Rivers, the vessel having the right of way is the one ?
A. moving upstream against the current
B. moving downstream with a following current
C. located more toward the channel centerline
D. sounding the first whistle signal
5. INLAND ONLY You are navigating in a narrow channel and must remain in the channel for safe operation. Another vessel is crossing the channel ahead of you from your starboard and you doubt whether your vessel will pass safely. Which statement is TRUE?
A. You must stop your vessel, since the other vessel is the stand-on.
B. You must sound one short blast of the whistle and turn to starboard.
C.You must sound the danger signal.
D.You must stop your engines and you may sound the danger signal.
6. INLAND ONLY Under the Inland Navigation Rules, what is the meaning of the two short blasts signal used when meeting another vessel?
A. I am turning to starboard.
B. I am turning to port.
C. I intend to leave you on my starboard side.
D. I intend to leave you on my port side.
7. INLAND ONLY Which lights are required for a barge, not part of a composite unit, being pushed ahead?
A. Sidelights and a stern light
B. Sidelights, a special flashing light, and a stern light
C. Sidelights and a special flashing light
D. Sidelights, a towing light, and a stern light
8. INLAND ONLY The stand-on vessel in a crossing situation sounds one short blast of the whistle. This means that the vessel __________.
A. intends to hold course and speed
B. is changing course to starboard
C. is changing course to port
D. intends to leave the other on her port side
9. INLAND ONLY Passing signals shall be sounded on inland waters by __________.
A. all vessels upon sighting another vessel rounding a bend in the channel
B. towing vessel when meeting another towing vessel on a clear day with a 0.6 mile CPA (Closest Point of Approach)
C. a power-driven vessel when crossing less than half a mile ahead of another power-driven vessel
D. All of the above
10. INLAND ONLY Your vessel is meeting another vessel head-on. To comply with the rules, you should exchange __________.
A. one short blast, alter course to port, and pass starboard to starboard
B. one short blast, alter course to starboard, and pass port to port
C. two short blasts, alter course to port, and pass starboard to starboard
D. two short blasts, alter course to starboard, and pass port to port
11. INLAND ONLY A vessel overtaking another in a narrow channel, and wishing to pass on the other vessel's port side, would sound a whistle signal of __________.
A. one short blast
B. two short blasts
C. two prolonged blasts followed by one short blast
D. two prolonged blasts followed by two short blasts
12. INLAND ONLY A fleet of moored barges extends into a navigable channel. What is the color of the lights on the barges?
A. Red
B. Amber
C. White
D. Yellow
13. INLAND ONLY At night, a light signal consisting of two flashes by a vessel indicates __________.
A. an intention to communicate over radiotelephone
B. that the vessel is in distress
C. an intention to leave another vessel to port
D. an intention to leave another vessel to starboard
14. INLAND ONLY A barge more than 50 meters long is required to show how many white anchor lights when anchored in a Secretary approved "special anchorage area"?
A. 2
B. 1
C. 3
D. None
15. INLAND ONLY Which type of vessel is NOT mentioned in the Inland Navigation Rules?
A. An inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel
B. A seaplane
C. An air-cushion vessel
D. A vessel constrained by her draft
16. INLAND ONLY Two vessels in a crossing situation have reached agreement by radiotelephone as to the intentions of the other. In this situation, whistle signals are __________.
A. required
B. not required, but may be sounded
C. required if crossing within half a mile
D. required when crossing within one mile
17. INLAND ONLY What lights are required for a barge being pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit?
A. Sidelights and a stern light
B. Sidelights and a special flashing light
C. Sidelights, a towing light, and a stern light
D. Sidelights, a special flashing light, and a stern light
18. INLAND ONLY At night, a barge moored in a slip used primarily for mooring purposes shall __________.
A. not be required to be lighted
B. show a white light at each corner
C. show a red light at the bow and stern
D. show a flashing yellow light at each corner
19. INLAND ONLY Which statement is TRUE concerning the fog signal of a vessel 15 meters in length, anchored in a "special anchorage area" approved by the Secretary?
A. The vessel is not required to sound a fog signal.
B. The vessel shall ring a bell for 5 seconds every minute.
C. The vessel shall sound one blast of the foghorn every 2 minutes.
20. INLAND ONLY Which statement is TRUE concerning the Inland Navigation Rules?
A. They list requirements for Traffic Separation Schemes.
B. They define moderate speed.
C. They require communication by radiotelephone to reach a passing agreement.
D. All of the above
21. INLAND ONLY Two vessels are meeting on a clear day and will pass less than half a mile apart. In this situation whistle signals __________.
A. must be exchanged
B. may be exchanged
C. must be exchanged if passing agreements have not been made by radio
D. must be exchanged only if course changes are necessary by either vessel
22. INLAND ONLY Which is TRUE of a vessel downbound with a following current when meeting an upbound vessel on the Western Rivers?
A. She has the right-of-way only if she is a power-driven vessel.
B. She has the right-of-way only if she has a tow.
C. She does not have the right-of-way, since the other vessel is not crossing the river.
D. She must wait for a whistle signal from the upbound vessel.
23. INLAND ONLY A vessel of less than 20 meters in length at anchor at night in a "special anchorage area designated by the Secretary" __________.
A. must show one white light
B. need not show any lights
C. must show two white lights
D. need show a light only on the approach of another vessel
24. INLAND ONLY At night, which lights are required on barges moored in a group formation more than two barges wide?
A. Two unobstructed all-round white lights
B. All-round white lights placed at the corners of each barge in the group
C. Two unobstructed all-round yellow lights
D. Two red lights in a vertical line at the corner extremities of the group
25. INLAND ONLY A towing vessel pushing ahead on the Western Rivers above the Huey P. Long bridge must show __________.
A. sidelights only
B. sidelights and towing lights
C. sidelights, towing lights, and two masthead lights
D. sidelights, towing lights, and three masthead lights
26. INLAND ONLY A power-driven vessel, when leaving a dock or berth, is required to sound __________.
A. two short blasts
B. one long blast
C. one prolonged blast
D. the danger signal
27. INLAND ONLY Which is CORRECT regarding a "special flashing light"?
A. It must be yellow in color.
B. It must be placed as far forward as possible.
C. It must not show through an arc of more than 225°.
D. All of the above
28. INLAND ONLY For the purpose of the Inland Navigation Rules, the term "Inland Waters" includes __________.
A. the Western Rivers, extending to the COLREGS demarcation line
B. harbors and rivers to the outermost aids to navigation
C. waters along the coast of the United States to a distance of two miles offshore
D. None of the above
29. INLAND ONLY On the Western Rivers, a power-driven vessel crossing a river must __________.
A. maintain course and speed as you have the right of way over all vessels
B. keep out of the way of any vessel descending the river
C. keep out of the way of a power-driven vessel ascending or descending the river
D. None of the above
30. INLAND ONLY While underway at night, you see two yellow lights displayed in a vertical line. This should indicate to you a __________.
A. opening in a pipeline
B. vessel broken down
C. vessel pushing ahead
D. vessel fishing
Answers
1. B
2. D
3. B
4. B
5. C
6. C
7. C
8. D
9. C
10. B
11. B
12. C
13. D
14. A
15. D
16. B
17. B
18. A
19. A
20. A
21. C
22. A
23. B
24. A
25. B
26. C
27. D
28. A
29. C
30. C
Tuesday, April 28, 2009
Navigation Rules
Rule 31 Seaplanes
Where it is impracticable for a seaplane to exhibit lights and shapes of the characteristics or in the positions prescribed in the Rules of this Part, she shall exhibit lights and shapes as closely similar in characteristics and position as possible. When on the water, a seaplane (or amphibian) is a "vessel" in terms of the Navigation Rules.
Rule 32 Definitions
(a) The word "whistle" means any sound- signaling appliance capable of producing the prescribed blasts and which complies with specifications in Annex III to these Rules.
(b) The term "short blast" means a blast of about 1 second duration.
(c) The term "prolonged blast" means a blast of from 4 to 6 seconds duration.
The term "whistle" includes sound-producing devices that are likely to be found on smaller vessels, if it can make a sound that meets the requirements of the Rules and Annex III, it's a whistle. There are only two kinds of whistle blasts, short and prolonged, the term "long blast" does not appear in either set of the Navigation Rules.
Rule 33 Equipment for Sound Signals
(a) A vessel of 12 meters or more in length shall be provided with a whistle and a bell, and a vessel of 100 meters or more in length shall, in addition, be provided with a gong, the tone and sound of which cannot be confused with that of the bell. The whistle, bell and gong shall comply with the specifications in Annex lll to these Rules. The bell or gong or both may be replaced by other equipment having the same respective sound characteristics, provided that manual sounding of the prescribed signals shall always be possible.
(b) A vessel of less than 12 meters in length shall not be obliged to carry the sound signaling appliances prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, but if she does not, she shall be provided with some other means of making an efficient sound signal.
Rule 33
There are only three types of sound-signal equipment mentioned in the Rules - whistle, bell, and gong, with the latter only required on vessels 100 meters or more in length. Even if the sound of a bell or gong can be created by other means (electronic), manual sounding must always be possible. There is no use of the term "fog horn" in the Rules; "fog" signals are sounded on the same whistle as used for other purposes.
Rule 34 Maneuvering and Warning Signals
(a) When power-driven vessels are in sight of one another and meeting or crossing at a distance within half a mile of each other, each vessel underway when maneuvering as authorized or required by these Rules:
(i) shall indicate that maneuver by the following signals on her whistle: one short blast to mean "I intend to leave you on my port side", two short blasts to mean "I intend to leave you on my starboard side'', and three short blasts to mean "I am operating astern propulsion".
(ii) upon hearing the one- or two-blast signal of the other shall, if in agreement, sound the same whistle signal and take the steps necessary to effect a safe passing. If from any cause the vessel doubts the safety of the proposed maneuver, she shall sound the danger signal specified in paragraph (d) of this Rule and each vessel shall take appropriate precautionary action until a safe passing agreement is made.
(b) A vessel may supplement the whistle signals prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule by light signals: (i) These signals shall have the following significance: One flash to mean "I intend to leave you on my port side'', two flashes to mean "I intend to leave you on my starboard side'', three flashes to mean "I am operating astern propulsion" (ii) The duration of each flash shall be about 1 second, and (iii) The light used for this signal shall, if fitted, be one all-round white or yellow light, visible at a minimum range of 2 miles, synchronized with the whistle and shall comply with the provisions of Annex I to these Rules.
(c) When in sight of one another: (i) a power-driven vessel intending to overtake another power-driven vessel shall indicate her intention by the following signals on her whistle: One short blast to mean "I intend to overtake you on your starboard side", two short blasts to mean "I intend to overtake you on your port side'' and (ii) the power-driven vessel about to be overtaken shall, if in agreement, sound a similar sound signal. If in doubt she shall sound the danger signal prescribed in paragraph (d).
(d) When vessels in sight of one another are approaching each other and, from any cause, either vessel fails to understand the intentions or actions of the other, or is in doubt whether sufficient action is being taken by the other to avoid collision, the vessel in doubt shall immediately indicate such doubt by giving at least five short and rapid blasts on the whistle. This signal may be supplemented by a light signal of at least five short and rapid flashes.
(e) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a channel or fairway where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruction shall sound one prolonged blast. This signal shall be answered with a prolonged blast by any approaching vessel that may be within hearing around the bend or behind the intervening obstruction.
(f) If whistles are fitted on a vessel at a distance apart of more than 100 meters, one whistle only shall be used for giving maneuvering and warning signals.
(g) When a power-driven vessel is leaving a dock or berth, she shall sound one prolonged blast. (h) A vessel that reaches agreement with another vessel in a head-on, crossing, or overtaking situation by using the radiotelephone as prescribed by the Bridge-to-Bridge Radiotelephone Act (85 Stat. 165; 33 U.S.C. 1207), is not obliged to sound the whistle signals prescribed by this Rule, but may do so. If agreement is not reached, then whistle signals shall be exchanged in a timely manner and shall prevail.
Rule 34
This Rule contains the most significant variations between the International and Inland Rules. The International Rules whistle signals for power-driven vessels underway in sight of each other are signals of actions being taken - they are required between two such vessels in sight of one another, and do not require a reply. The Inland Rules whistle signals for power-driven vessels are signals of intent - they are required in sight of one another and are meeting or crossing at a distance within half a mile of each other. These signals require a reply.
The meanings of the one and two short-blast signals are different in the two sets of Rules. Be sure of which set governs the waters you are on at all times so that you may properly sound your signals and interpret the signals of other vessels. These signals are not to be used in conditions of restricted visibility. The very important signal of doubt or danger - five or more short and rapid blasts - is the same on all waters.
The three-blast sound signal in both sets of Rules has the same meaning. "Operating astern propulsion" means that it does not necessarily mean that the vessel has stopped or is making sternway. The deciding factor is the operation of the propulsion machinery, not the movement of the vessel. In both sets of Rules, the one, two, three, and five or more short blast signals may be supplemented by light signals with the corresponding number of one-second flashes at one-second intervals. Also, the light signals may not be substituted for the sound signals.
The International Rules require that this light be white, the light signals need not be synchronized with the whistle blasts, and may be repeated after an interval of ten seconds. The Inland Rules allow either white or yellow, the light flashes must be synchronized with the whistle blasts and cannot be repeated separately. The required visibility ranges are different for the two sets of Rules.
Rule 34 is applicable only to power-driven vessels - vessels under sail are not required to sound maneuvering signals unless they are also using mechanical propulsion, in which case they are not sailing vessels. In waters governed by the International Rules, a power-driven vessel may sound a whistle signal to a sailing vessel to indicate action being taken. In Inland Rules waters, a power-driven vessel should not sound whistle signals of intent to a sailing vessel, as that vessel cannot reply.
In overtaking situations, the signals of the International Rule are applicable only if the encounter occurs in a narrow channel and the overtaken vessel must maneuver to allow safe passage of the other. In the Inland Rules, the signals are required in all circumstances if the vessels will come within a half-mile of each other.
Rule 35 Sound Signals in Restricted Visibility
In or near an area of restricted visibility, whether by day or night, the signals prescribed in this Rule shall be used as follows:
(a) A power-driven vessel making way through the water shall sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes one prolonged blast.
(b) A power-driven vessel underway, but stopped and making no way through the water, shall sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes two prolonged blasts in succession with an interval of about 2 seconds between them.
(c) A vessel not under command; a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver, whether underway or at anchor, a sailing vessel; a vessel engaged in fishing, whether underway or at anchor; and a vessel engaged in towing or pushing another vessel shall, instead of the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a) or (b) of this Rule, sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes, three blasts in succession; namely, one prolonged followed by two short blasts.
(d) A vessel towed or, if more than one vessel is towed, the last vessel of the tow if manned, shall at intervals of not more than 2 minutes sound four blasts in succession; namely, one prolonged followed by three short blasts. When practicable, this signal shall be made immediately after the signal made by the towing vessel.
(e) When a pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly connected in a composite unit they shall be regarded as a power-driven vessel and shall give the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a) or (b) of this Rule.
(f) A vessel at anchor shall, at intervals of not more than 1 minute, ring the bell rapidly for about 5 seconds. In a vessel of 100 meters or more in length the bell shall be sounded in the forepart of the vessel and immediately after the ringing of the bell the gong shall be sounded rapidly for about 5 seconds in the after part of the vessel. A vessel at anchor may, in addition, sound three blasts in succession; namely, one short, one prolonged and one short blast, to give warning of her position and of the possibility of collision to an approaching vessel.
(g) A vessel aground shall give the bell signal and, if required, the gong signal prescribed in paragraph (f) of this Rule, and shall, in addition, give three separate and distinct strokes on the bell immediately before and after the rapid ringing of the bell. A vessel aground may, in addition, sound an appropriate whistle signal.
(h) A vessel of less than 12 meters in length shall not be obliged to give the above-mentioned signals but, if she does not, shall make some other efficient sound signal at intervals of not more than 2 minutes.
(i) A pilot vessel when engaged on pilotage duty may, in addition, to the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a), (b) or (f) of this Rule, sound an identity signal consisting of four short blasts.
(j) The following vessels shall not be required to sound signals as prescribed in paragraph (f) of this Rule when anchored in a special anchorage area designated by the Secretary: (i) a vessel of less than 20 meters in length; and (ii) a barge, canal boat, scow, or other nondescript craft.
Rule 35 International Rule 35(f) and Inland Rule 35(e) refer to a "composite unit" of a rigidly connected pushing vessel and vessel being pushed. This is a rare situation, as the normal means of connection of wires and winches does not meet this definition. See also Rule 24(b).
Rule 36 Signals To Attract Attention
If necessary to attract the attention of another vessel, any vessel may make light or sound signals that cannot be mistaken for any signal authorized elsewhere in these Rules, or may direct the beam of her searchlight in the direction of the danger, in such a way as not to embarrass any vessel.
Rule 36 Note: carefully that a signal "to attract the attention of another vessel" is not a distress signal. It is often used by fishing vessels with nets out. A searchlight should be shown only in the direction of the danger, it should never be directed toward the other vessel, lest it blind the helmsman. The International Rule specifically eliminates the use of strobe lights for the purpose of attracting attention. The Inland Rule does not have this prohibition, but it should be noted that such a light is listed as a distress signal in waters subject to these Rules.
Rule 37 Distress Signals
When a vessel is in distress and requires assistance she shall use or exhibit the signals described in Annex IV to these Rules.
Rule 37 Because the primary intent of the Navigation Rules is to prevent collisions, the details of distress signals are not included in the basic Rules - only a reference to Annex IV.
Where it is impracticable for a seaplane to exhibit lights and shapes of the characteristics or in the positions prescribed in the Rules of this Part, she shall exhibit lights and shapes as closely similar in characteristics and position as possible. When on the water, a seaplane (or amphibian) is a "vessel" in terms of the Navigation Rules.
Rule 32 Definitions
(a) The word "whistle" means any sound- signaling appliance capable of producing the prescribed blasts and which complies with specifications in Annex III to these Rules.
(b) The term "short blast" means a blast of about 1 second duration.
(c) The term "prolonged blast" means a blast of from 4 to 6 seconds duration.
The term "whistle" includes sound-producing devices that are likely to be found on smaller vessels, if it can make a sound that meets the requirements of the Rules and Annex III, it's a whistle. There are only two kinds of whistle blasts, short and prolonged, the term "long blast" does not appear in either set of the Navigation Rules.
Rule 33 Equipment for Sound Signals
(a) A vessel of 12 meters or more in length shall be provided with a whistle and a bell, and a vessel of 100 meters or more in length shall, in addition, be provided with a gong, the tone and sound of which cannot be confused with that of the bell. The whistle, bell and gong shall comply with the specifications in Annex lll to these Rules. The bell or gong or both may be replaced by other equipment having the same respective sound characteristics, provided that manual sounding of the prescribed signals shall always be possible.
(b) A vessel of less than 12 meters in length shall not be obliged to carry the sound signaling appliances prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, but if she does not, she shall be provided with some other means of making an efficient sound signal.
Rule 33
There are only three types of sound-signal equipment mentioned in the Rules - whistle, bell, and gong, with the latter only required on vessels 100 meters or more in length. Even if the sound of a bell or gong can be created by other means (electronic), manual sounding must always be possible. There is no use of the term "fog horn" in the Rules; "fog" signals are sounded on the same whistle as used for other purposes.
Rule 34 Maneuvering and Warning Signals
(a) When power-driven vessels are in sight of one another and meeting or crossing at a distance within half a mile of each other, each vessel underway when maneuvering as authorized or required by these Rules:
(i) shall indicate that maneuver by the following signals on her whistle: one short blast to mean "I intend to leave you on my port side", two short blasts to mean "I intend to leave you on my starboard side'', and three short blasts to mean "I am operating astern propulsion".
(ii) upon hearing the one- or two-blast signal of the other shall, if in agreement, sound the same whistle signal and take the steps necessary to effect a safe passing. If from any cause the vessel doubts the safety of the proposed maneuver, she shall sound the danger signal specified in paragraph (d) of this Rule and each vessel shall take appropriate precautionary action until a safe passing agreement is made.
(b) A vessel may supplement the whistle signals prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule by light signals: (i) These signals shall have the following significance: One flash to mean "I intend to leave you on my port side'', two flashes to mean "I intend to leave you on my starboard side'', three flashes to mean "I am operating astern propulsion" (ii) The duration of each flash shall be about 1 second, and (iii) The light used for this signal shall, if fitted, be one all-round white or yellow light, visible at a minimum range of 2 miles, synchronized with the whistle and shall comply with the provisions of Annex I to these Rules.
(c) When in sight of one another: (i) a power-driven vessel intending to overtake another power-driven vessel shall indicate her intention by the following signals on her whistle: One short blast to mean "I intend to overtake you on your starboard side", two short blasts to mean "I intend to overtake you on your port side'' and (ii) the power-driven vessel about to be overtaken shall, if in agreement, sound a similar sound signal. If in doubt she shall sound the danger signal prescribed in paragraph (d).
(d) When vessels in sight of one another are approaching each other and, from any cause, either vessel fails to understand the intentions or actions of the other, or is in doubt whether sufficient action is being taken by the other to avoid collision, the vessel in doubt shall immediately indicate such doubt by giving at least five short and rapid blasts on the whistle. This signal may be supplemented by a light signal of at least five short and rapid flashes.
(e) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a channel or fairway where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruction shall sound one prolonged blast. This signal shall be answered with a prolonged blast by any approaching vessel that may be within hearing around the bend or behind the intervening obstruction.
(f) If whistles are fitted on a vessel at a distance apart of more than 100 meters, one whistle only shall be used for giving maneuvering and warning signals.
(g) When a power-driven vessel is leaving a dock or berth, she shall sound one prolonged blast. (h) A vessel that reaches agreement with another vessel in a head-on, crossing, or overtaking situation by using the radiotelephone as prescribed by the Bridge-to-Bridge Radiotelephone Act (85 Stat. 165; 33 U.S.C. 1207), is not obliged to sound the whistle signals prescribed by this Rule, but may do so. If agreement is not reached, then whistle signals shall be exchanged in a timely manner and shall prevail.
Rule 34
This Rule contains the most significant variations between the International and Inland Rules. The International Rules whistle signals for power-driven vessels underway in sight of each other are signals of actions being taken - they are required between two such vessels in sight of one another, and do not require a reply. The Inland Rules whistle signals for power-driven vessels are signals of intent - they are required in sight of one another and are meeting or crossing at a distance within half a mile of each other. These signals require a reply.
The meanings of the one and two short-blast signals are different in the two sets of Rules. Be sure of which set governs the waters you are on at all times so that you may properly sound your signals and interpret the signals of other vessels. These signals are not to be used in conditions of restricted visibility. The very important signal of doubt or danger - five or more short and rapid blasts - is the same on all waters.
The three-blast sound signal in both sets of Rules has the same meaning. "Operating astern propulsion" means that it does not necessarily mean that the vessel has stopped or is making sternway. The deciding factor is the operation of the propulsion machinery, not the movement of the vessel. In both sets of Rules, the one, two, three, and five or more short blast signals may be supplemented by light signals with the corresponding number of one-second flashes at one-second intervals. Also, the light signals may not be substituted for the sound signals.
The International Rules require that this light be white, the light signals need not be synchronized with the whistle blasts, and may be repeated after an interval of ten seconds. The Inland Rules allow either white or yellow, the light flashes must be synchronized with the whistle blasts and cannot be repeated separately. The required visibility ranges are different for the two sets of Rules.
Rule 34 is applicable only to power-driven vessels - vessels under sail are not required to sound maneuvering signals unless they are also using mechanical propulsion, in which case they are not sailing vessels. In waters governed by the International Rules, a power-driven vessel may sound a whistle signal to a sailing vessel to indicate action being taken. In Inland Rules waters, a power-driven vessel should not sound whistle signals of intent to a sailing vessel, as that vessel cannot reply.
In overtaking situations, the signals of the International Rule are applicable only if the encounter occurs in a narrow channel and the overtaken vessel must maneuver to allow safe passage of the other. In the Inland Rules, the signals are required in all circumstances if the vessels will come within a half-mile of each other.
Rule 35 Sound Signals in Restricted Visibility
In or near an area of restricted visibility, whether by day or night, the signals prescribed in this Rule shall be used as follows:
(a) A power-driven vessel making way through the water shall sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes one prolonged blast.
(b) A power-driven vessel underway, but stopped and making no way through the water, shall sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes two prolonged blasts in succession with an interval of about 2 seconds between them.
(c) A vessel not under command; a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver, whether underway or at anchor, a sailing vessel; a vessel engaged in fishing, whether underway or at anchor; and a vessel engaged in towing or pushing another vessel shall, instead of the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a) or (b) of this Rule, sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes, three blasts in succession; namely, one prolonged followed by two short blasts.
(d) A vessel towed or, if more than one vessel is towed, the last vessel of the tow if manned, shall at intervals of not more than 2 minutes sound four blasts in succession; namely, one prolonged followed by three short blasts. When practicable, this signal shall be made immediately after the signal made by the towing vessel.
(e) When a pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly connected in a composite unit they shall be regarded as a power-driven vessel and shall give the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a) or (b) of this Rule.
(f) A vessel at anchor shall, at intervals of not more than 1 minute, ring the bell rapidly for about 5 seconds. In a vessel of 100 meters or more in length the bell shall be sounded in the forepart of the vessel and immediately after the ringing of the bell the gong shall be sounded rapidly for about 5 seconds in the after part of the vessel. A vessel at anchor may, in addition, sound three blasts in succession; namely, one short, one prolonged and one short blast, to give warning of her position and of the possibility of collision to an approaching vessel.
(g) A vessel aground shall give the bell signal and, if required, the gong signal prescribed in paragraph (f) of this Rule, and shall, in addition, give three separate and distinct strokes on the bell immediately before and after the rapid ringing of the bell. A vessel aground may, in addition, sound an appropriate whistle signal.
(h) A vessel of less than 12 meters in length shall not be obliged to give the above-mentioned signals but, if she does not, shall make some other efficient sound signal at intervals of not more than 2 minutes.
(i) A pilot vessel when engaged on pilotage duty may, in addition, to the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a), (b) or (f) of this Rule, sound an identity signal consisting of four short blasts.
(j) The following vessels shall not be required to sound signals as prescribed in paragraph (f) of this Rule when anchored in a special anchorage area designated by the Secretary: (i) a vessel of less than 20 meters in length; and (ii) a barge, canal boat, scow, or other nondescript craft.
Rule 35 International Rule 35(f) and Inland Rule 35(e) refer to a "composite unit" of a rigidly connected pushing vessel and vessel being pushed. This is a rare situation, as the normal means of connection of wires and winches does not meet this definition. See also Rule 24(b).
Rule 36 Signals To Attract Attention
If necessary to attract the attention of another vessel, any vessel may make light or sound signals that cannot be mistaken for any signal authorized elsewhere in these Rules, or may direct the beam of her searchlight in the direction of the danger, in such a way as not to embarrass any vessel.
Rule 36 Note: carefully that a signal "to attract the attention of another vessel" is not a distress signal. It is often used by fishing vessels with nets out. A searchlight should be shown only in the direction of the danger, it should never be directed toward the other vessel, lest it blind the helmsman. The International Rule specifically eliminates the use of strobe lights for the purpose of attracting attention. The Inland Rule does not have this prohibition, but it should be noted that such a light is listed as a distress signal in waters subject to these Rules.
Rule 37 Distress Signals
When a vessel is in distress and requires assistance she shall use or exhibit the signals described in Annex IV to these Rules.
Rule 37 Because the primary intent of the Navigation Rules is to prevent collisions, the details of distress signals are not included in the basic Rules - only a reference to Annex IV.
Wednesday, April 22, 2009
Navigation Rules 28 and 29
Rule 28 Vessel Constrained by her Draft:
Under the International Rules, a vessel "constrained by her draft" is obligated to conform to the Rules covering a meeting or crossing situation. She has no additional right-of-way over another vessel and is required to navigate with "particular caution," but the other vessel is, in turn, required not to impede her safe passage, see Rule 18(d). There is no Rule 28 in the Inland Rules.
Rule 29 Pilot Vessels
Vessel engaged on pilotage duty - underway.
Vessel engaged on pilotage duty - at anchor, vessel less than 50 meters in length.
The lights of pilot vessels are "White over red - pilot ahead." (As contrasted with "Red or green over white - they're fishing tonight.")
White-over-red lights are also used by fishing vessels when hauling in their nets if fishing in close proximity to other fishing vessels (Annex II). However, these lights are used in conjunction with white-over-green lights so there is little likelihood of confusion with a pilot vessel.
White-over-red lights are also used by fishing vessels when hauling in their nets if fishing in close proximity to other fishing vessels (Annex II). However, these lights are used in conjunction with white-over-green lights so there is little likelihood of confusion with a pilot vessel.
(a) A vessel engaged on pilotage duty shall exhibit:
(i) at or near the masthead, two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being white and the lower red.(ii) when underway, in addition, sidelights and a sternlight; and(iii) when at anchor, in addition to the lights prescribed in subparagraph (i), the anchor light, lights, or shape prescribed in Rule 30 for anchored vessels.
(b) A pilot vessel when not engaged on pilotage duty shall exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed for a similar vessel of her length.
(i) at or near the masthead, two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being white and the lower red.(ii) when underway, in addition, sidelights and a sternlight; and(iii) when at anchor, in addition to the lights prescribed in subparagraph (i), the anchor light, lights, or shape prescribed in Rule 30 for anchored vessels.
(b) A pilot vessel when not engaged on pilotage duty shall exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed for a similar vessel of her length.
Monday, April 20, 2009
Vessels Not Under Command
Vessel engaged in diving operations.
Vessel restricted in her ability to mmaneuver - making way, vessel less than 50 meters in length.
Vessel restricted in her ability to mmaneuver - at anchor, vessel
less than 50 meters in length.
Vessel engaged in mineclearance operations - vessel 50 meters or greater in length.
Vessel engaged in dredging or underwater operations when restricted in ability to maneuver - not making way with an obstruction, starboard side.
Vessel engaged in dredging or underwater operations when restricted in ability to maneuver - making way with an obstruction on the starboard side.
Vessel engaged in towing operation which severely restricts towing vessel and her tow in their ability to deviate from their course - length of tow does not exceed 200 meters, towing vessel less than 50 meters in length.
Vessel not under command - not making way.
Vessel not under command - making way.
Vessel restricted in her ability to mmaneuver - at anchor, vessel less than 50 meters in length.
Vessel restricted in her ability to mmaneuver - making way, vessel less than 50 meters in length.
Definitions for "vessel not under command" and "vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver" are given in Rule 3(f) and (g). These vessels cannot comply with the requirements of the Navigation Rules, they are given special privileges, and their status is indicated by special lights.
A vessel not under command is one that has suffered a steering failure or a loss of propulsion power. The term "vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver" is applicable to one attached to the bottom for work, such as a dredge, or a Coast Guard buoy tender servicing an aid to navigation, or a ship laying underwater cables. A tug towing a barge is not normally considered to be restricted in her ability to maneuver, but there may be situations where this is warranted and additional lights and shapes may be displayed.
A vessel engaged in diving operations may or may not be restricted in her ability to maneuver. A salvage vessel with "hard hat" divers down - supplied with air from pumps on the surface, is definitely restricted in her ability to maneuver and should show the lights of Rule 27(d) or (e). On the other hand, a dive boat with free-swimming SCUBA divers in the water is definitely not restricted and should not show the signals of Rule 27(e). Such a craft should fly the "diver's flag" (red with one white diagonal stripe) that signifies "Divers in the water, keep clear." This flag is not a part of the Navigation Rules, but is used and is legally required by many state and local authorities. Rule 27(e) requires "a rigid replica" of the International Code flag "A".
A vessel not under command is one that has suffered a steering failure or a loss of propulsion power. The term "vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver" is applicable to one attached to the bottom for work, such as a dredge, or a Coast Guard buoy tender servicing an aid to navigation, or a ship laying underwater cables. A tug towing a barge is not normally considered to be restricted in her ability to maneuver, but there may be situations where this is warranted and additional lights and shapes may be displayed.
A vessel engaged in diving operations may or may not be restricted in her ability to maneuver. A salvage vessel with "hard hat" divers down - supplied with air from pumps on the surface, is definitely restricted in her ability to maneuver and should show the lights of Rule 27(d) or (e). On the other hand, a dive boat with free-swimming SCUBA divers in the water is definitely not restricted and should not show the signals of Rule 27(e). Such a craft should fly the "diver's flag" (red with one white diagonal stripe) that signifies "Divers in the water, keep clear." This flag is not a part of the Navigation Rules, but is used and is legally required by many state and local authorities. Rule 27(e) requires "a rigid replica" of the International Code flag "A".
Sunday, April 19, 2009
Fishing Vessels (Rule 26)
Note: When there is outlying gear extending more than 150 meters horizontally from the vessel, an all-round white light or a cone apex upwards in the direction of the gear.
Vessel Engaged in Fishing other than Trawling - not making way.
Note: When there is outlying gear extending more than 150 meters horizontally from the vessel, an all-round white light or a cone apex upwards in the direction of the gear.
Vessel Engaged in Fishing other than Trawling - making way.
Vessel Engaged in Fishing other than Trawling - making way.
Vessel Engaged in Trawling - making way.
Vessel Engaged in Trawling - making way, vessel less than 50 meters in length.
Vessel Engaged in Trawling - not making way, vessel less than 50 meters in length.
Vessel Engaged in Trawling - not making way.
A fishing vessel is defined as one engaged in fishing with nets, lines, trawls, or other gear that restricts her ability to maneuver. It does not include sport-fishing boats with trolling lines, which are not considered to pose any such restriction.
Note: that a distinction is made between trawling and other kinds of fishing, with different special lights but the same dayshape. Underway but not making way through the water, or at anchor, only these special lights are shown. If making way, these lights plus sidelights and a sternlight must be shown (if 50 meters or longer, a second higher masthead light is required aft). Also that a basket is no longer authorized in the International Rules as a dayshape for smaller fishing vessels.
A "fishing vessel" when not engaged in fishing must show the normal lights for a vessel of her size; she must not display the special fishing lights.
In October, 1996, Inland Rules 26(b)(i), (c)(i), and (d) were changed. The first two changes deleted the alternative basket dayshape. The third change brought the Inland Rules into parallel wording with the International Rules.
In October, 1996, Inland Rules 26(b)(i), (c)(i), and (d) were changed. The first two changes deleted the alternative basket dayshape. The third change brought the Inland Rules into parallel wording with the International Rules.
Thursday, April 16, 2009
Sailing Vessels Underway (Rule 25)
A sailboat that is underway shows the same sidelights and sternlight as a powerboat, but does not show a masthead light. From ahead of a sailboat you see only her sidelights, from astern, only her sternlight (which gives her the same appearance as a powerboat from astern). There are some variations and additional lights permitted but not required.
The red-over-green all-round lights at or near the masthead are in addition to the normal sidelights and sternlight, which must be shown. But the optional "tricolor" light at or near the masthead is in lieu of the normal sidelights and sternlight, which must not be shown if the tricolor light is lit.
Remember: A vessel with sails up, but also being propelled by machinery, even a small outboard motor, must show the lights of a power-driven vessel, not those of a sailing vessel. The tricolor light cannot be used in this situation. A white forward "masthead" light must be shown. The Inland Rules exempt a sailboat less than 12 meters from the requirement to show a cone, point downward, when under sail and power during daylight, there is no exemption in the International Rules.
It is desirable that a sailboat less than 7 meters in length show normal running lights, but she may alternatively show a white light, such as a flashlight or electric lantern shown on the sails, this is effective in making known the small craft's presence.
A rowboat will normally just show a white light in the direction of another vessel, or it could show the same lights as a sailboat.
A vessel proceeding under sail when also being propelled by machinery shall exhibit forward where it can best be seen a conical shape, apex downwards. A vessel of less than 12 meters in length is not required to exhibit this shape, but may do so.
The red-over-green all-round lights at or near the masthead are in addition to the normal sidelights and sternlight, which must be shown. But the optional "tricolor" light at or near the masthead is in lieu of the normal sidelights and sternlight, which must not be shown if the tricolor light is lit.
Remember: A vessel with sails up, but also being propelled by machinery, even a small outboard motor, must show the lights of a power-driven vessel, not those of a sailing vessel. The tricolor light cannot be used in this situation. A white forward "masthead" light must be shown. The Inland Rules exempt a sailboat less than 12 meters from the requirement to show a cone, point downward, when under sail and power during daylight, there is no exemption in the International Rules.
It is desirable that a sailboat less than 7 meters in length show normal running lights, but she may alternatively show a white light, such as a flashlight or electric lantern shown on the sails, this is effective in making known the small craft's presence.
A rowboat will normally just show a white light in the direction of another vessel, or it could show the same lights as a sailboat.
A vessel proceeding under sail when also being propelled by machinery shall exhibit forward where it can best be seen a conical shape, apex downwards. A vessel of less than 12 meters in length is not required to exhibit this shape, but may do so.
A sailing vessel underway shall exhibit: sidelights and a sternlight. A sailing vessel of less than 20 meters in length the lights prescribed in this Rule may be combined in one lantern carried at or near the top of the mast where it can best be seen.
A sailing vessel underway may, in addition to the lights prescribed in this Rule, exhibit at or near the top of the mast, where they can best be seen, two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being red and the lower Green, but these lights shall not be exhibited in conjunction with the combined lantern permitted by paragraph (b) of this Rule.
A sailing vessel of less than 7 meters in length shall, if practicable, exhibit the lights prescribed in this Rule, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision.
A vessel under oars may exhibit the lights prescribed in this rule for sailing vessels, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision.
Monday, April 13, 2009
Towing and Pushing (Navigational Rule 24)
This Rule covers both "towing," which means towing astern on a hawser or cable or with the towed vessel alongside, and "pushing," which means only pushing the "towed" vessel ahead of the towing vessel.
To determine the need for different lights and dayshapes for longer tows, the distance is measured from the stern of the towing vessel to the stern of the towed vessel which is the sum of the length of the towline and the towed vessel.
The lights seen from astern of vessels pushing ahead or towing alongside are different in waters governed by the Inland and by the International Rules.
The two masthead lights for towing vessels with tows of 200 meters or less, and the three masthead lights used with longer tows, can be shown either forward or aft on towing vessels 50 meters or more in length. If multiple lights are shown forward, there will be a single, higher masthead light aft, if the two or three lights are shown aft, there will be a single, lower masthead light forward. The single masthead light is not required of shorter towing vessels, but may be shown.
The diamond dayshape required on the towed vessel or object for tows over 200 meters in length has no corresponding light for nighttime. Also the diamond shape is shown only on the towed vessel or object, and not on the towing vessel even though the triple masthead lights may not be noticeable during the day (these lights will normally be shown in the daytime, although not required by the Rules).
Rule 24 Towing and Pushing
(a) A power-driven vessel when towing astern shall exhibit:
(i) instead of the light prescribed either in Rule 23 (a)(i) or 23(a)(ii), two masthead lights in a vertical line. When the length of the tow, measuring from the stern of the towing vessel to the after end of the tow exceeds 200 meters, three such lights in a vertical line;
(ii) sidelights;
(iii) a sternlight;
(iv) a towing light in a vertical line above the sternlight; and
(v) when the length of the tow exceeds 200 meters, a diamond shape where it can best be seen.
(b) When a pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly connected in a composite unit they shall be regarded as a power-driven vessel and exhibit the lights prescribed in Rule 23.
(c) A power-driven vessel, when pushing ahead or towing alongside, except as required by paragraphs (b) and (i) of this Rule, shall exhibit:
(i) instead of the light prescribed either in Rule 23(a)(i) or 23(a)(ii), two masthead lights in a vertical line;
(ii) sidelights; and
(iii) two towing lights in a vertical line.
(d) A power-driven vessel to which paragraphs (a) or (c) of this Rule apply shall also comply with Rule 23(a)(i) and 23(a)(ii).
(e) A vessel or object other than those referred to in paragraph (g) of this Rule being towed shall exhibit:
(i) sidelights;
(ii) a sternlight; and
(iii) when the length of the tow exceeds 200 meters, a diamond shape where it can best be seen.
(f) Provided that any number of vessels being towed alongside or pushed in a group shall be lighted as one vessel, except as provided in paragraph (iii):
(i) a vessel being pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit, shall exhibit at the forward end, sidelights and a special flashing light;
(ii) a vessel being towed alongside shall exhibit a sternlight and, at the forward end, sidelights and a special flashing light; and
(iii) when vessels are towed alongside on both sides of the towing vessel, a sternlight shall be exhibited on the stern of the outside vessel on each side of the towing vessel, and a single set of sidelights as far forward and as far outboard as is practicable, and a single special flashing light.
(g) An inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel or object being towed shall exhibit:
(i) if it is less than 25 meters in breadth, one all-round white light at or near each end;
(ii) if it is 25 meters or more in breadth, four all-round white lights to mark its length and breadth;
(iii) if it exceeds 100 meters in length, additional all-round white lights between the lights prescribed in subparagraphs (i) and (ii), so that the distance between the lights shall not exceed 100 meters: Provided, that any vessels or objects being towed alongside each other shall be lighted as one vessel or object;
(iv) a diamond shape at or near the aftermost extremity of the last vessel or object being towed; and
(v) the towing vessel may direct a searchlight in the direction of the tow to indicate its presence to an approaching vessel.
(h) Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel or object being towed to exhibit the lights prescribed in paragraph (e) or (g) of this Rule, all possible measures shall be taken to light the vessel or object towed, or at least to indicate the presence of the unlighted vessel or object.
(i) Notwithstanding paragraph (c), on the Western Rivers (except below the Huey P. Long Bridge on the Mississippi River) and on waters specified by the Secretary, a power-driven vessel when pushing ahead or towing alongside, except as paragraph (b) applies, shall exhibit:
(ii) sidelights; and
(iii) two towing lights in a vertical line.
(j) Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel not normally engaged in towing operations to display the lights prescribed by paragraph (a), (c), or (i) of this Rule, such vessel shall not be required to exhibit those lights when engaged in towing another vessel in distress or otherwise in need of assistance. All possible measures shall be taken to indicate the nature of the relationship between the towing vessel and the vessel being assisted. The searchlight authorized by Rule 36 may be used to illuminate the tow.
To determine the need for different lights and dayshapes for longer tows, the distance is measured from the stern of the towing vessel to the stern of the towed vessel which is the sum of the length of the towline and the towed vessel.
The lights seen from astern of vessels pushing ahead or towing alongside are different in waters governed by the Inland and by the International Rules.
The two masthead lights for towing vessels with tows of 200 meters or less, and the three masthead lights used with longer tows, can be shown either forward or aft on towing vessels 50 meters or more in length. If multiple lights are shown forward, there will be a single, higher masthead light aft, if the two or three lights are shown aft, there will be a single, lower masthead light forward. The single masthead light is not required of shorter towing vessels, but may be shown.
The diamond dayshape required on the towed vessel or object for tows over 200 meters in length has no corresponding light for nighttime. Also the diamond shape is shown only on the towed vessel or object, and not on the towing vessel even though the triple masthead lights may not be noticeable during the day (these lights will normally be shown in the daytime, although not required by the Rules).
Rule 24 Towing and Pushing
(a) A power-driven vessel when towing astern shall exhibit:
(i) instead of the light prescribed either in Rule 23 (a)(i) or 23(a)(ii), two masthead lights in a vertical line. When the length of the tow, measuring from the stern of the towing vessel to the after end of the tow exceeds 200 meters, three such lights in a vertical line;
(ii) sidelights;
(iii) a sternlight;
(iv) a towing light in a vertical line above the sternlight; and
(v) when the length of the tow exceeds 200 meters, a diamond shape where it can best be seen.
(b) When a pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly connected in a composite unit they shall be regarded as a power-driven vessel and exhibit the lights prescribed in Rule 23.
(c) A power-driven vessel, when pushing ahead or towing alongside, except as required by paragraphs (b) and (i) of this Rule, shall exhibit:
(i) instead of the light prescribed either in Rule 23(a)(i) or 23(a)(ii), two masthead lights in a vertical line;
(ii) sidelights; and
(iii) two towing lights in a vertical line.
(d) A power-driven vessel to which paragraphs (a) or (c) of this Rule apply shall also comply with Rule 23(a)(i) and 23(a)(ii).
(e) A vessel or object other than those referred to in paragraph (g) of this Rule being towed shall exhibit:
(i) sidelights;
(ii) a sternlight; and
(iii) when the length of the tow exceeds 200 meters, a diamond shape where it can best be seen.
(f) Provided that any number of vessels being towed alongside or pushed in a group shall be lighted as one vessel, except as provided in paragraph (iii):
(i) a vessel being pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit, shall exhibit at the forward end, sidelights and a special flashing light;
(ii) a vessel being towed alongside shall exhibit a sternlight and, at the forward end, sidelights and a special flashing light; and
(iii) when vessels are towed alongside on both sides of the towing vessel, a sternlight shall be exhibited on the stern of the outside vessel on each side of the towing vessel, and a single set of sidelights as far forward and as far outboard as is practicable, and a single special flashing light.
(g) An inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel or object being towed shall exhibit:
(i) if it is less than 25 meters in breadth, one all-round white light at or near each end;
(ii) if it is 25 meters or more in breadth, four all-round white lights to mark its length and breadth;
(iii) if it exceeds 100 meters in length, additional all-round white lights between the lights prescribed in subparagraphs (i) and (ii), so that the distance between the lights shall not exceed 100 meters: Provided, that any vessels or objects being towed alongside each other shall be lighted as one vessel or object;
(iv) a diamond shape at or near the aftermost extremity of the last vessel or object being towed; and
(v) the towing vessel may direct a searchlight in the direction of the tow to indicate its presence to an approaching vessel.
(h) Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel or object being towed to exhibit the lights prescribed in paragraph (e) or (g) of this Rule, all possible measures shall be taken to light the vessel or object towed, or at least to indicate the presence of the unlighted vessel or object.
(i) Notwithstanding paragraph (c), on the Western Rivers (except below the Huey P. Long Bridge on the Mississippi River) and on waters specified by the Secretary, a power-driven vessel when pushing ahead or towing alongside, except as paragraph (b) applies, shall exhibit:
(ii) sidelights; and
(iii) two towing lights in a vertical line.
(j) Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel not normally engaged in towing operations to display the lights prescribed by paragraph (a), (c), or (i) of this Rule, such vessel shall not be required to exhibit those lights when engaged in towing another vessel in distress or otherwise in need of assistance. All possible measures shall be taken to indicate the nature of the relationship between the towing vessel and the vessel being assisted. The searchlight authorized by Rule 36 may be used to illuminate the tow.
Sunday, April 12, 2009
Towing and Pushing (Rule 24 Lights)
Vessel being pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit. International
Power-driven vessel towing astern - towing vessel less than 50 meters in length; length of tow 200 meters or less.
Dracone being towed
Power-driven vessel towing astern - towing vessel less than 50 meters in length; length of tow exceeds 200 meters.
Composite Unit 50m or greater.
Composite Unit underway - less than 50m in length.
Power-driven vessel pushing ahead or towing alongside - towing vessel less than 50 meters in length. International
Composite Unit underway - less than 50m in length.
Power-driven vessel pushing ahead or towing alongside - towing vessel less than 50 meters in length. International
Power-driven vessel pushing ahead or towing alongside - towing vessel less than 50 meters in length. Inland
Power-driven vessel towing astern - length of tow 200 meters or less. The after masthead light is optional for vessel less than 50 meters in length.
Power-driven vessel towing astern - length of tow 200 meters or less. The after masthead light is optional for vessel less than 50 meters in length.
Power-driven vessel towing astern - length of tow 200 meters or less. When masthead lights for towing or pushing are exhibited aft, a forward masthead light is required.
Vessel being towed - length of tow 200 meters or less.
Vessel being towed - length of tow 200 meters or less.
Vessel or object being towed - length of tow exceeds 200 meters.
Vessel being towed alongside. International
Vessel being pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit. Inland
Vessel being towed alongside. Inland
Dracone being towed
Power-driven vessel pushing ahead on Western Rivers. (above the Huey P. Long Bridge on the Mississippi River) Inland
This Rule covers both "towing," which means towing astern on a hawser or cable or with the towed vessel alongside, and "pushing," which means only pushing the "towed" vessel ahead of the towing vessel.
For determining the need for different lights and dayshapes for longer tows, the distance is measured from the stern of the towing vessel to the stern of the towed vessel which is the sum of the length of the towline and the towed vessel.
Note that the lights seen from astern of vessels pushing ahead or towing alongside are different in waters governed by the Inland and by the International Rules.
Also the two masthead lights for towing vessels with tows of 200 meters or less, and the three masthead lights used with longer tows, may be shown either forward or aft on towing vessels 50 meters or more in length. If the multiple lights are shown forward, there will be a single, higher masthead light aft, if the two or three lights are shown aft, there will be a single, lower masthead light forward. The single masthead light is not required of shorter towing vessels, but may be shown.
The diamond dayshape required on the towed vessel or object for tows over 200 meters in length has no corresponding light for nighttime. Note also that the diamond shape is shown only on the towed vessel or object, and not on the towing vessel even though the triple masthead lights may not be noticeable during the day (these lights will normally be shown in the daytime, although not required by the Rules).
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